Vol. 119 No. 1 (2025)
Reviews

Climate Smart Agriculture Practices: A Synthesis of Implementation in Nigeria

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  • Chibuzo U. Izuogu,
  • Joy O. Oparaojiaku,
  • Michael O. Olaolu,
  • Susan C. Iroegbu,
  • John O. Ifabiyi,
  • Janet B. Ayegboyin,
  • Abraham G. Ominikari
Chibuzo U. Izuogu
Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu Alike, Abakiliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
Joy O. Oparaojiaku
Department of Agricultural Extension, University of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Umuagwo, Imo State, Nigeria
Michael O. Olaolu
Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu Alike, Abakiliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
Susan C. Iroegbu
Department of Soil Science, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu Alike, Abakiliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
John O. Ifabiyi
Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension Services, Kwara State University, Malete, Nigeria
Janet B. Ayegboyin
Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
Abraham G. Ominikari
Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36253/jaeid-16794

Published 2025-07-08

Keywords

  • Climate-smart agriculture,
  • awareness,
  • climate-smart practices,
  • determinants of adoption,
  • Systematic review

How to Cite

Izuogu, C. U., Oparaojiaku, J. O., Olaolu, M. O., Iroegbu, S. C., Ifabiyi, J. O., Ayegboyin, J. B., & Ominikari, A. G. (2025). Climate Smart Agriculture Practices: A Synthesis of Implementation in Nigeria. Journal of Agriculture and Environment for International Development (JAEID), 119(1), 327–368. https://doi.org/10.36253/jaeid-16794

Copyright (c) 2025 Chibuzo U. Izuogu, Joy O. Oparaojiaku, Michael O. Olaolu, Susan C. Iroegbu, John O. Ifabiyi, Janet B. Ayegboyin, Abraham G. Ominikari

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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Abstract

The impact of climate is threatening sustainable food production worldwide. Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) is a strategic practice that supports farming, ameliorates food insecurity, and advances sustainable agriculture. This study assesses the implementation of CSA through the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). From an initial in-depth search of 337 publications, 98 articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Results showed that awareness of CSA remains low even with a steady increase in publications from 2020-2023. The south-western region was the most studied as farmers implemented various approaches across the country with 43% of the studies highlighting the implementation of indigenous knowledge which includes adjusting the planting dates and use of natural pest control methods. Major determinants of the adoption of CSA were access to credit, contact with extension service providers, years of farming experience, and level of education. Farmers recorded an increase in production and income with improvement in soil health due to their adoption of CSA. The absence of government policies, the high cost of implementation, and low level of technical skill were hindrances to the adoption of CSA. The study concludes that farmers in Nigeria are implementing CSA practices. There is a need to increase awareness and develop the capacity of farmers through training in CSA skills. The government should legislate reforms and provide incentives to support farmers to adopt CSA.

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